Response and interventions into harmful sexual behaviour in schools     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

Internationally young people report experiencing sexual abuse and violence within schools. Developments within the field of adolescent sexual harm are increasingly recognising the need for ecological approaches to harm. Yet, to date, interventions with young people displaying harmful sexual behaviours have prioritised individual behaviours and characteristics over place-based interventions.This article presents empirical evidence from a mixed-methods study aimed at understanding the enablers and barriers to preventing and responding to harmful sexual behaviour in schools. Research was carried out in seven schools and four multi-agency partnerships in England, UK. Using evidence from focus groups, observations, case reviews and policy analysis the article outlines nine components that enable, or are barriers to, effective responses and interventions into harmful sexual behaviour in schools. The paper concludes that responses and interventions into harmful sexual behaviour must move beyond responding to individual behaviours to intervening within factors within schools themselves.  相似文献   

Child welfare characteristics in a sample of youth involved in commercial sex: An exploratory study     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundHomeless, runaway, and youth exiting foster care are vulnerable to sexual exploitation, but little research has parsed the societal, community, and individual factors that contribute to their risk.Objectives(1) To estimate child welfare characteristics in a sample of homeless young people who engaged in commercial sex (CS); and (2) To compare young people who were sex trafficked (ST) to those who engaged in some other form of CS.Participants and settingThis study includes 98 homeless young people in Philadelphia, PA, Phoenix, AZ, and Washington, DC, who were interviewed for a larger study of ST and endorsed engagement in CS.MethodsWe used a non-probability, purposive, maximum variation sampling procedure. Interviews were recorded and responses were simultaneously noted on a standardized interview form. Data were analyzed through means, frequencies, and bivariate tests of association.ResultsAverage age of the full sample of 98 homeless young people was 20.9 years; 48% were female and 50% were Black/African American. Forty-six percent of the full sample was sex trafficked. The full sample and the victims of ST differed significantly in three child welfare characteristics, with the ST group more likely to have been maltreated as children, more likely to have had family involvement with the child welfare system (CWS), and more likely to report higher rates of living someplace other than with their biological parents as children.ConclusionsST victims differ from those who engaged in other forms of CS in histories of maltreatment, involvement with the CWS, and exposure to residential instability while growing up.  相似文献   

Measuring scientific contributions with modified fractional counting     

Gunnar Sivertsen  Ronald Rousseau  Lin Zhang 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(2):679-694

We develop and propose a new counting method at the aggregate level for contributions to scientific publications called modified fractional counting (MFC). We show that, compared to traditional complete-normalized fractional counting, it eliminates the extreme differences in contributions over time that otherwise occur between scientists that mainly publish alone or in small groups and those that publish with large groups of co-authors. As an extra benefit we find that scientists in different areas of research turn out to have comparable average contributions to scientific articles. We test the method on scientists at Norway’s largest universities and find that, at an aggregate level, it indeed supports comparability across different co-authorship practices as well as between areas of research. MFC is thereby useful whenever the research output from institutions with different research profiles are compared, as e.g., in the Leiden Ranking. Finally, as MFC is actually a family of indicators, depending on a sensitivity parameter, it can be adapted to the circumstances.  相似文献   

Public and private value in citizen participation in E-governance: Evidence from a government-sponsored green commuting platform     

Jingrui Ju  Luning Liu  Yuqiang Feng 《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(4):101400

Citizen participation in E-governance is, essentially, a social exchange between individuals and their government through which the citizen creates public value as well as acquires private value. The direct effects of participation antecedents on participation outcomes have been fully examined, but few researchers have investigated the internal mechanism of citizen participation at the level of psychological value perception. The roles of perceived public and private value between the participation antecedents and outcomes remain unclear. Private value merits careful research in particular as the E-governance environment is being shaped by increasing privatization and continuous IT innovation. Based on the cognitive integration theory and the civic voluntarism model, this paper proposes a theoretical framework to examine the mediating roles of two values. We built a complete research model encompassing ten hypotheses centered on citizen e-participation in the context of green commuting governance. By analyzing survey data on a green commuting platform, we demonstrate the significant mediating effects of these two values and greater effect of private value acquisition on continuous e-participation intentions than public value creation. Our results have important research implications in regards to the roles of perceived values in participation, especially perceived private value.  相似文献   

#MeToo,sexual harassment: an article,a forum,and a dream for the future     

Robin Patric Clair  Nadia E. Brown  Debbie S. Dougherty  Hannah K. Delemeester  Patricia Geist-Martin  William I. Gorden 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2019,47(2):111-129

#MeToo has breathed new life into the women’s movement and especially into understanding and rectifying sexual harassment, abuse and assault. It has galvanized activists around the globe. And it has placed thousands of stories of the harassed in full view of the public. Sexual harassment, abuse and assault may occur within the organizational context or beyond; but sexual harassment, in particular has been legally labeled an organizational phenomenon. With this in mind, Robin Clair frames the early part of this article around the most recent organizational communication theories (see the appendix for an overview of these theories). Following the essay is a forum, in which invited scholars address questions related to the #MeToo movement.  相似文献   

Talent,Schmalent: An Instructional Design/Action Research Framework for the Professionalization of Teaching in Academic Libraries     

Alexander J. Carroll  Kevin Michael Klipfel 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2019,45(2):110-118

When myths become canonical beliefs within a professional culture, they can have a profound impact on professional practice. In this paper we identify as a pernicious educational myth the belief that the ability to teach well is a naturally occurring innate talent or skill. The first two sections of the paper aim to demonstrate (i) that the concept of the naturally gifted teacher is a myth based on factually incorrect assumptions about expertise development and (ii) that this myth has several major negative implications for professional practices around teaching in academic libraries. We then we draw on the education literature to offer an alternative model for the cultivation of teaching excellence, an instructional design/action research framework that prioritizes ‘deliberative’ practice over innate talent. We close with suggestions for how academic librarians and library administrators can implement this framework within their institutions.  相似文献   

Synthesis of 3-O-Benzoyl-1 ,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-allofuranose and Its Dimesylated Derivative     

张卫红  孟祥启  冯亚青  刘云华 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2005,(6)

Diisopropylidenated a-D-glucofuranose (1) was oxidated with CrO;-Pyridine complex. Oxidated product and its hydrate were separated and were reduced together to synthesize diisopro-pylidenated a-D-allofuranose (3 ). The yield of 3 increased by 8% than that with only oxidated prod-uct as reduction substrate. Benzoylated derivative of 3 was selectively hydrolyzed and dimesylated to synthesize 3-O-benzoyl-l ,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-allofuranose (5) and its dimesylated deriva-tive respectively. The overall yield of 5 from 1 was 36%. Each step and final products were analyzed by 'H-NMR spectra and other methods. The experiments showed that the influence of acetic acid concentration on selective hydrolysis was obvious. The hydrolysis yield was 81. 8%. Oxidation, re-duction and other procedures were practical and had application potential.  相似文献   

Die Quadratur des Kreises: Universit?tsautonomie und Wissenschaftsfreiheit     

Walter Berka 《Zeitschrift für Hochschulrecht, Hochschulmanagement und Hochschulpolitik: zfhr》2008,7(2):37-48

Statt eines Abstracts Der gro?e "Philosoph aus Wien", Paul Feyerabend, lehrte in den 1970er Jahren auf dem H?hepunkt seiner akademischen Karriere stehend in Berkeley. In seinen Kurs waren jedes Semester Hunderte von Studenten eingeschrieben, seltsamerweise waren darunter auch viele Sportstudenten und Fu?ballspieler, denen an den amerikanischen Universit?ten bekanntlich eine nicht geringe Bedeutung zukommt. Was war der Grund für diese Anziehungskraft einer nicht leicht zu verstehenden Philosophie? Feyerabend versprach jedem Studenten schon in der ersten Vorlesungsstunde eine Eins für seinen Kurs – und fügte noch hinzu, dass es bei ihm natürlich keinerlei Prüfung oder Hausarbeiten g?be. Man bekam seine Eins selbst dann, wenn man niemals in die Vorlesung kam, was Feyerabend mit seinem tiefen Vertrauen in das alte Humboldtsche Erziehungsziel der akademischen Freiheit rechtfertigte. Als die Universit?tsverwaltung von dieser Sache Wind bekam, wurde Feyerabend gezwungen, zumindest eine Abschlussprüfung für seinen Kurs abzuhalten. Im n?chsten Semester h?ndigte der Professor zu Beginn der Prüfungsstunde ein Blatt aus, auf dem in gro?en Buchstaben feierlich das Wort "Abschlussprüfung" stand, und darunter hie? es einfach: "Erz?hle mir deinen Lieblingswitz!" Jeder Witz, auch der dümmste, wurde dann mit der Note Eins belohnt. Der Chronist dieser Anekdote berichtet, dass das Universit?tsmanagement auch diesem Verfahren bald ein Ende gemacht hatte – ohne zu sagen, mit welchen Methoden, und wie Feyerabend auf diesen Eingriff in seine akademische Lehrfreiheit reagiert hat.  相似文献   

网络环境下图书馆的特点及读者服务工作     

钟文一 《铜仁学院学报》2003,5(4):53-54,76

本文研究了网络环境下图书馆的特点，提出了一体化的服务、提供24小时全天候网上服务、服务方式自主化、实现文献检索的全球化、实现更广泛的资源共享是网络环境下图书馆的读者服务工作的新特点，提出了提高图书馆信息服务水平的思考。  相似文献   

The madelung constant of the sodium chloride crystal lattice     

Sourav Das 《Resonance》2003,8(10):76-84

An analysis of the Madelung constant of the sodium chloride crystal lattice has been made, in an effort to supplement information available in undergraduate textbooks. A method of approximation of the constant using the personal computer is presented. An erratum to this article is available at .  相似文献